From grammatical to communicative approaches -- The classroom as an environment for language acquisition -- Toward an interactional approach -- The episode hypothesis and materials selection -- The affective domain -- The total physical response and the audio-motor unit -- The natural approach and its extensions -- Jazz chants, music, and poetry -- Storytelling, role play, and drama -- Games -- Affective activities -- Classroom management -- tools of the trade : etxtbooks, placement tests, and computer programs -- Teaching through the content areas -- ESL programs -- Foreign language programs

Related readings. How language is shaped : an interview / Noam Chomsky (interviewed by J. Gliedman) -- The notional syllabus : does it lead to communicative competence? / H.G. Widdowson -- The roles of the teacher, the learners, and the content within a communicative methodology / Michael Breen and Christopher Candlin -- Theories of second language acquisition / Rod Ellis -- Providing input for acquisition / Stephen Krashen -- Interaction between learning and development / Lev S. Vygotsky -- Personality factors / H. Douglas Brown -- Discrete point, integrative, or pragmatic tests / John Oller, Jr. -- Language proficiency, bilingualism and academic achievement / Jim Cummins